Device for the production of piles of concrete and the like



E. FRANMGNQUL 1,830fi551 DEyICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FILES 0F CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed NOV. 15, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 \k r fig- ATTOK/YEY 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 E. FRANKHGNQUL Filed Nov.

THE PRODUCTION FILES OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE lulllllllll ill.%\

Nov. 3, 1931.

DEVICE FOR Nov. 3, 1931. E. FRANKIGNOUL fi l UCTION OF FILES OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE DEVICE FOR THE PROD Filed Nov. 15, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 4 TTrlfi/E Y Patented Nov. 3, 1931 UNITED sures. PATENT err-ICE nnennn FRANKIGNOUL, or time, isnice BELGIUM um, Assesses we comment Infinite 'rronntn nus rrnox Anivr'ns numerous, setters mourns or t me,

DEVICE roe THE rnonncrron or rims or coneitn'rn Ann m ne LIxn Application filed November 15, 1927, Serial No. 233,445, and in Belgium Novembriit), 1926.- ii

The present invention relates to a method and device for enabling rapid and econon'ncal productlon of piles of concrete or of similar materials which are com letely compressed,

or rammed along the Whole length of the pile,

According to the invention the lining or tubing is provided, when driving the system into the ground,- with the necessary equipment for concreting, that is to say the rammer. fAfter concreting the rammer and the lining are alternatively raised by fractions of the height of the pile which isbeing constructed. The lining is raised Whilst the ram- Iner, Which Was previously raised, carries out its ramming phase. I a

The rammer, after sinking the lining, may serve for forcing into the ground the closing device for the lining or the point of sinking, and for sinking the lining by pressing the up-' per portion of the rammer, Which forms an anvil, upon the upper portion of the lining upon which its rests. The rammer is actuated by a steam or compressedair hammer or by simple fall. 7

After concreting, the space left free in the lining under the rammer after each raising of the latter is filled automatically with concrete obtained from a reserve formed in the lining itself. a

v This reserve may be formed in three differ-p ent Ways; either by using the space left free between the lining and the body of the rainmer, or by utilizing the space left free between the linin and the body of the rammer concurrently with a space left free the interior, of the body of the ra'mmer; or using only the space Which is left free in the inte rio'r of the body of the rammer.

The concrete is introduced into the reserve by a mouthpiece provided at the upper end of the tube or lining. p The invention provides for the raising of the rammer in such a manner that it is pos-- sible to allow the monkey to strike upon its upper end or anvil When it is raised so as to shake the mass of concrete clinging thereto,

this mass in some cases being too compact to flow,

Means are also provided for effecting the V which the rammer itself contains pressing out the concrete When the rammer' is raised. 4 l The accompanying drawingsillustrate Way of example, and not by Way of.limita tion, various orms of construction of the invention. There are shown various modifications of carryingoutthe invention.

Inthese drawings: i l i Figures 1 to 5 illustrate diagrammatically various phasesinthe production of a pile;-

; Figures Band 7 illustrate to alargfler scale the top and the bottom respectively of the device according to the invention before sink= in intothe ground. 7 V l A v *igures 8 and 9 shovv mod-ifications of the device accordingto the invention; i

Figures 10 and 11 are cross seetions on the linesX X and of Figures 8 and 9 respectively, p I i I a.

Figure 12 shows a formof construction of the device according to the invention in a reserve of concrete. l

Figure 1 shows the position of the :parts at the moment when the sinking into theground is to commence. I

- The tube 1 bears on the point 2: On this rests the rarniner of which the upper part the blows from a monkey arranged abovethi'sand illustrateddiagrammatically at 5. This anvil rests onthe upper end of the tube 1-. The monkey is for example, a steam or 60m pressed air" actuatedmonkey or is simply a monkey having a free fall.

The point 2, the tube 1 and the column-or ramnier 4 are sunk simultaneously in such an anner as tojoccupy the positionillustratjed in Figure;2.- Concrete isthenintroduced by the mouth 6 of the tube 1 into the space forming the reserve and formed-by the annular space 19 contained between the tube 1 and the column forming the rammer 4. For the purpose of ramimng, the rammer is raised to a height which may vary for example from 50;

cms. to 2 meters. The concrete is then supplied so as to occupy the complete section of the'tube 1 and for the whole height under the rammer.

Figure 3 illustrates this phase of theop eration. The parts being inthis position the monkey 5 is operated in sucha manner as to produce the downward movement of the column forming the rammer 4 by reason of the blows from the monkey which it' receives.

The ramming of the concrete situated below this column is thus effected. it

At the same time as the operation of ramming proceeds the tube 1 is'little by little extracted from the ground by means of a winch. The top of the tube gradually approaches the anvil 3 which is subjected to a downward movement under the action of the monkey.

J 1 under the rammer 4.

Figure 4 shows this phase of the operation. Soon the column 4 and the tube 1 assume a position relatively near that which they occupy in the case ofFigure'Q after sinking; the operation of the monkey is then stopped. temporarily as also the movement of the tube 1. The column forming the rammer'4 as also the anvil3 and the monkey 5 which are connected together are then again raised in such a manner as to enable a fresh quantity of concrete to pass downwardly underneath the column-rammer 4. V

It is possible when the column-rammer 4 has been'raised to give a few strokes of the I monkey so as to shake the system'which is for the purpose of disaggregating the concrete in the annular space which is left free between the tube 1 and the column 4 and thus to produce its flow to the bottom of the tube The operation then continues as above described whilst simultaneously producing a downward movement of the column 4 under the action of the monkey and an upward movement of the tube 1 which thus meets the anvil of the column 4. p In the method of construction illustrated in the drawings the point 2 whichmay be of concrete is left in the ground.

Figure 6 shows an arrangement which may be given to the'upper part of the tube land of the column 4. This figure particularly shows the manner in which a mouth 6 is constructed according to the invention at the top of the tube 1. Hoisting cables 7, adapted For the purpose of guiding the column 4 in the interior of the tube 1 guide projections 8 and 9 are provided respectively at the upper and lower portions of these members.

The projections 8 are secured to: the tube 1 and are for example, three in number, whilst the projections 9 are secured to the column 4 and are four in number.

Certain compositions of materials entering into the production of concrete and contained in the annular reservoir 19 are heaped; up under the action of the compression exerted onthev concrete .by the rammer 4, which causes the concrete to flow upwardly into the annular space 19 and tocompress the concrete at the bottom of this container. VVhen the column 4 is raised the concrete may remain in this position and may not flow'intothe space which isleft free under the rammer 4. In order to cause the concrete to flow, the column 4' is provided either with teeth 11 (Figure 8) with a trian ular base, or projections 10 (Figure 9), the point of starting of these projections beingv recessed in the body of the column 4 insuch a manner as to produce spaces sufi'icient for the flow of the concrete. Pegs 12 (Figure 10) judiciously arranged on. the column 4 efiect, when concrete issupplied into the space 19, a mixing of the elements forming the concrete.v Pegs 13 (Figure 8) and 14' (Figure 9). may, by means of a system operable from the outside at the top of therammer', be approached or separated from the axis of thecolumn 4 in such a manner that these projections or pegs, by reason of their engagement with the mass of concrete contained in the space 9 produce a sufficient disaggregation of the elements of the concrete so as to enable it to flow under the columnor ram 4.

The pegs 13 and 14 are operated in such a-manner that their ends are approached towards the centre of the column 4 when this is raised whilst they are spread apart from theaxis of the column 4 and penetrate into the space 9 during the downward movement of-the column thus producing the flow of concrete. i

The pegs'13 are moved bya wedge 20 carried by the operatingrod QIengaging axially between inclined surfaces provided on the said pegs, which are constantly urged towards the axis by return springs. The pegs 14 are hinged at one end to the'operating rod 21 and at theother end rest on a guide path 22.

The operating rod 21 may bezactuated by any suitable mechanism. Its upper end, engaged in the anvil 3, may, for example, be provided with a rack moved by a toothed wheel carried by a shaft 17 V mounted-in the said anvil and operated for exampleby a crank or'bya chain. 5 l

7 Moreover, the rod 21 may be arranged in such a manner as to receive a movement relabtl tively to the ram when this receives a blow from the monkey. For this purpose it would sufiice for example if the rod is constantly exposed to an action tending to cause its head to extend beyond the upper surface of the anvil. The anvil 3 being raised it is possible to impart by means of the monkey some blows to the anvil which shake the system, and in this manner cause a flow and downward movement of the concrete in the space 19.

The anvil may be provided with pipes 16 (Figure 12) terminating at the bottom of the column 4 and enabling either water to be supplied to the concrete for concreting or for injecting water under the point 2 during the sinking in such a manner as to effect sinking by thrusts.

The column 4 may be hollow, that is to say, formed as'a tube. In this case it may serve as a reservoir. A lateral opening 41) is provided near the top of column 4, see Figure 12, for'the passage of concrete into the same. A lateral opening. 6a corresponding to said opening 45 is provided in the tube 1 and a mouth 6'on said tube 1 directs the concrete into said openings 4?) and 6a. The column 4 may be provided at its lower end with a valve 15 (Figure 12) which opens automatically when the column 4 is raised, thus allowing the concrete contained in the column 4 to pass out so as to enter the free space under the column 4.

The lower portion of the hollow column forming a reservoir may be provided simply with a free opening arranged in such a manner that during ramming of the concrete this will not flow backinto the interior of the ram, the concrete in the orifices forming a sufiiciently compact closure.

This may be broken when lifting the ram by a blow of the monkey on the latter in such a manner as to produce the disaggregation of the mass of concrete contained in the ram, thus exposing the lower opening in the ram so as to allow a fresh charge of concrete to pass out.

The opening provided at the lower portion of the hollow column 4 may be formed in a cap fitted on this column and provided with a hole the cross section of which is reduced relatively to the bore of the hollow column 4.

The invention provides that in the various forms of construction described the space or spaces forming the reservoir of concrete may have a section slightly enlarged towards the bottom in such a manner as to facilitate the downward movement of the concrete.

In the case where the reservoir is formed in the interior of the column-ram 4, the hollow portion of this may be slightly conical.

It will be understood that. the relative length of the tube 1 and of the column 4 may be modified according to the circumstances in such a manner that when the anvil 3 secured to the column 4 bears upon the tube 1, the

lower portion of the said column 4 may be either above the lower portion of the tube 1, or below or at the same level.

What I claim is:

1. A device for the driving and construe tion of concrete piles moulded in the soil comprising a tube provided at its lower end with a detachable driving point, a coaxial hollow rammer movable vertically and in spaced relation with respect to said tube, an anvil fixed on the top of said hollow rammer and abutting the top of said tube in driving position and feeding means-simultaneously conducting concrete to the interior of said hollow rammer and the annular space between said tube and said hollow rammer.

2. A device for the driving and construction of concrete piles moulded in the soil com prising a tube, provided at its lower end with a detachable driving point, a coaxial hollow rammer movable vertically and in spaced relation with respect to said tube, an anvil fixed on the top of said hollow rammer and abutting the top of said tube in driving position,

a lateral opening in said rammer and a lateral opening provided with a funnel, in said tube for simultaneously supplying concrete to the interior of said hollow rammer and the annular space between said tube and said hollow rammer and means carried by said anvil and projecting in said hollow rammer and said driving point for supplying water under said latter.

3. A device for the driving and construc tion of concrete piles moulded in the soil comprising a tube provided at its lower end with a detachable driving point, a coaxial hollow rammer movable vertically and in spaced relation with respect to said tube, an anvil fixed on the top of said hollow rammer and abutting the top of said tube in driving position, a funnel laterally fixed to said tube near the upper end thereof for supplying concrete simultaneously to the interior of said hollow rammer and the annular space between said tube and said hollow rammer, a

valve normally closing the bottom of said hollow rammer and automatically opened by the lifting of said rammer and means carried by said anvil and projecting in said hollow rag 

